Parent-Child Interaction Therapy  untuk Mengurangi Gangguan Kecemasan

Nanda Faradiza Jolanet Adam; Ananta Yudiarso

doi:10.31289/analitika.v14i1.6447

Parent-Child Interaction Therapy untuk Mengurangi Gangguan Kecemasan

Authors

Nanda Faradiza Jolanet Adam , Ananta Yudiarso

DOI:

10.31289/analitika.v14i1.6447

Published:

2022-06-30

Issue:

Vol. 14 No. 1 (2022): ANALITIKA JUNI

Keywords:

Gangguan Kecemasan, parent-child interaction therapy, meta-analisis

Articles

Downloads

PDF
PDF

Abstract

Gangguan kecemasan merupakan kondisi seseorang merasa takut dan cemas yang berlebihan yang dicirikan dengan perasaan tegang, pikiran khawatir hingga perubahan fisik pada seseorang yang mengakibatkan seseorang berperilaku maladaptif. Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) merupakan intervensi yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi perilaku maladaptif anak dan melatih orangtua yang mengalami hambatan pada pola asuh. Peneliti melakukan uji meta-analisis untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas PCIT untuk mengurangi gangguan kecemasan pada individu. Hasil dari 10 studi menunjukkan hasil uji meta-analisis diperoleh hasil effect size masuk dalam kategori medium to large effect size dengan Hedgeâ€™s g = -0,755 (95% Cl -1,521 sampai 0,011) dengan I²= 93,64% (â‰¥ 80%). Hasil uji tersebut juga menunjukkan tidak terjadi bias publikasi dengan Eiger bias p=0,188 (â‰¥ 0,05). Hasil uji dengan menggunakan moderator pada jenis adaptasi PCIT juga menunjukkan small effect yakni 0,317 (>0,8). Berdasarkan hasil uji meta-analisis tersebut, menunjukkan bahwa PCIT memiliki tingkat efektivitas medium to large effect size untuk mengurangi gangguan kecemasan. Hasil uji tersebut juga menunjukkan hasil yang inkonsisten dengan penelitian sebelumnya, sehingga membutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui efektivitas PCIT untuk mengurangi gangguan kecemasan.

References

Aghaei-Malekabadi, M., Khodabakhshi-Koolaee, A., & Afkari, F. (2021). Effects of CALM and SPACE Parent Training Programs on Rumination and Anxiety in Mothers With Bully Sons. Journal of Client-Centered Nursing Care, 7(2), 97â€“108. https://doi.org/10.32598/JCCNC.7.2.33.15

Al-Biltagi, M., & Sarhan, E. A. (2016). Anxiety Disorder in Children: Review. Journal of Paediatric Care Insight, 1(1), 18â€“28. https://doi.org/10.24218/jpci.2016.05

Alexandra Frost. (2020). Are you an anxious parent? Here are 8 proven strategies to ease the worry. https://www.healthline.com/health/parenting/parental-anxiety

American Psyciatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (5th ed.).

Barstead, M. G., Danko, C. M., Chronis-Tuscano, A., Oâ€™Brien, K. A., Coplan, R. J., & Rubin, K. H. (2018). Generalization of an Early Intervention for Inhibited Preschoolers to the Classroom Setting. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(9), 2943â€“2953. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1142-0

Carpenter, A. L., Puliafico, A. C., Kurtz, S. M. S., Pincus, D. B., & Comer, J. S. (2014). Extending Parentâ€“Child Interaction Therapy for Early Childhood Internalizing Problems: New Advances for an Overlooked Population. In Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review (Vol. 17, Issue 4, pp. 340â€“356). Springer Science and Business Media, LLC. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-014-0172-4

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Data and stsistics on childrenâ€™s mental health. https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/data.html

Chase, R. M., & Eyberg, S. M. (2008). Clinical presentation and treatment outcome for children with comorbid externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(2), 273â€“282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.03.006

Chronis-Tuscano, A., Rubin, K. H., Oâ€™Brien, K. A., Coplan, R. J., Thomas, S. R., Dougherty, L. R., Cheah, C. S. L., Watts, K., Heverly-Fitt, S., Huggins, S. L., Menzer, M., Begle, A. S., & Wimsatt, M. (2015). Preliminary evaluation of a multimodal early intervention program for behaviorally inhibited preschoolers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 83(3), 534â€“540. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039043

Comer, J. S., del Busto, C., Dick, A. S., Furr, J. M., & Puliafico, A. C. (2018). Adapting PCIT to treat anxiety in young children: The PCIT CALM program. In Handbook of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy: Innovations and Applications for Research and Practice (pp. 129â€“147). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97698-3_9

Cooley, M. E., Veldorale-Griffin, A., Petren, R. E., & Mullis, A. K. (2014). Parent-Child Interaction Therapy: A Meta-Analysis of Child Behavior Outcomes and Parent Stress. Journal of Family Social Work, 17(3), 191â€“208. https://doi.org/10.1080/10522158.2014.888696

Dacey, J. S., Mack, M. D., & Fiore, L. B. (2016). Praise for Your Anxious Child: How Parents and Teachers Can Relieve Anxiety in Children (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Donovan, C. L., & March, S. (2014). Online CBT for preschool anxiety disorders: A randomised control trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 58, 24â€“35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2014.05.001

Doyle, F. L., Dodd, H. F., Morris, T. M., Lazarus, R. S., Byrow, Y., & Hudson, J. L. (2021). Targeting risk factors for inhibited preschool children: An anxiety prevention program. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2021.103982

Elsayir, A. H. (2012). Computation and Interpretation of Effect Size in Significance Test. In International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (Vol. 1, Issue 4). www.irjes.comwww.irjes.com

Hirshfeld-Becker, D. R., Masek, B., Henin, A., Blakely, L. R., Pollock-Wurman, R. A., McQuade, J., Depetrillo, L., Briesch, J., Ollendick, T. H., Rosenbaum, J. F., & Biederman, J. (2010). Cognitive behavioral therapy for 4- to 7-year-old children with anxiety disorders: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78(4), 498â€“510. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019055

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Kemenkes beberkan masalah permasalahan kesehatan jiwa di Indonesia. https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/rilis-media/20211007/1338675/kemenkes-beberkan-masalah-permasalahan-kesehatan-jiwa-di-indonesia/

Kennedy, S., Kim, J. S., Tripodi, S., Brown, S., & Gowdy, G. (2014). Does Parent-Child Interaction Therapy Reduce Future Physical Abuse?: A Meta-analysis DOES PCIT REDUCE FUTURE ABUSE 1 Running head: DOES PCIT REDUCE FUTURE ABUSE.

Leung, C., & Tsang, S. (2015). Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) Service in Hong Kong: Effectiveness and Efficacy on Children with ADHD.

McNeil, C. B., & Hembree-Kigin, T. L. (2010). Parent-Child Interaction Therapy: Second Edition (Issues in Clinical Child Psychology). http://www.springer.com/series/6082

Muris, P., Steerneman, P., Merckelbacw, H., & Meesters, C. (1996). Pergamon The role of parental fearfulness and modeling in childrenâ€™s fear. In Behav. Res. Ther (Vol. 34, Issue 3).

National Health Service. (2019). Anxiety in children. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/children-and-young-adults/advice-for-parents/anxiety-in-children/

Phillips, S., & Mychailyszyn, M. (2021). A review of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT): Applications for youth anxiety. Children and Youth Services Review, 125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.105986

Pirnia, B., Najafi, E., Lashkari, A., & Saber Majidi, G. (2017). Evaluation of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy on Anxiety Level in Pre-Elementary School Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Practice in Clinical Psychology, 5(3), 167â€“176. https://doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.5.3.167

Puliafico, A. C., Comer, J. S., & Pincus, D. B. (2012). Adapting Parent-Child Interaction Therapy to Treat Anxiety Disorders in Young Children. In Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America (Vol. 21, Issue 3, pp. 607â€“619). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2012.05.005

Rahmani, N., Teymuri, S., Bayazi, M. H., & Rajaei, A. R. (2021). Investigating the Effect of Implementing a Family-Friendly Program (Based on the MBCT Approach with Parent-Child Interaction) on the Reduction of Parental Anxiety Sensitivity and Separation Anxiety Disorder in Children and Adolescents. American Journal of Family Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926187.2021.1917015

Retnawati, H., Apino, E., Hasan, K., Rizqa, D., & Anazifa, D. (2018). Pengantar Analisis Meta. Yogyakarta: Parama Publishing.

Saloni Dattani, Hannah Ritchie, & Max Roser. (2021). Mental Health. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/mental-health#:~:text=It's%20estimated%20that%20970%

million,4%20percent%20of%20the%20population.

Santock, J. W. (2011). Life-Span Development: Vol. 13 Edition. New York: Mc Graw Hill.

Spiegler, M. D., & Guevremont, D. C. (2010). Fifth Edition Contemporary Behavior Therapy. Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Thomas, R., Abell, B., Webb, H. J., Avdagic, E., & Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J. (2017). Parent-Child Interaction Therapy: A Meta-analysis. In PEDIATRICS (Vol. 140, Issue 3).

Valero-Aguayo, L., RodrÃguez-Bocanegra, M., Ferro-GarcÃa, R., & Ascanio-Velasco, L. (2021). Meta-analysis of the efficacy and effectiveness of parent child interaction therapy (PCIT) for child behaviour problems. Psicothema, 33(4), 544â€“555. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2021.70.

World Health Organization. (2017). Depression and other common mental disorders: Global Health Estimates.

Author Biographies

Nanda Faradiza Jolanet Adam, University of Surabaya

Program Studi Magister Profesi Psikologi

Ananta Yudiarso, University of Surabaya

Program Studi Magister Profesi Psikologi

License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.Penulis.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (Refer to The Effect of Open Access).